PSSI

PSSI was established by Soeratin Sosrosoegondo, who graduated from Harvard and returned to Indonesia in 1928. He became the first Indonesian to work at his company, a Dutch enterprise in Yogyakarta. He later resigned from the company and became more active in the revolutionary movement. To accomplish his mission, Soeratin held many meetings with Indonesian professional football players, mostly through personal contacts because they wanted to avoid the Dutch police. Later, at a meeting that was held in Jakarta with Soeratin, the head of Voetbalbond Indonesische Jakarta (VIJ, and other players, the group decided to establish a national football organization. On April 19, 1930, almost all non-national organizations, such as Voetbalbond Indonesische Jakarta representing Jakarta, BIVB Bandung,), PSIM Yogyakarta, PPSM Madiun, IVBM Magelang, SIVB Surabaya, and VVB Solo gathered at the final meeting and established Persatoean Sepak Raga Seloeroeh Indonesia (Football Association of Indonesia or PSSI) with Soeratin as the first leader.[vague] In PSSI's earlier years, football was used to resist the Dutch control of the colonies by gathering all the footballers.[citation needed] In 1936, when PSSI became stronger, NIVB was changed toNederlandsh Indische Voetbal Unie (NIVU, meaning"Football Union of Dutch East Indies") and cooperation with the Dutch began. In 1938, with "Dutch East Indies national football team" as their name, NIVU sent their team to the 1938 FIFA World Cup at France. At the time, most of the players came from NIVU instead of PSSI, and there were nine players of Chinese origin. As a result, Soeratin expressed his protest since he wanted a match between NIVU and PSSI before the FIFA World Cup. In addition, he was also disgraced because the flag that was used at the World Cup matches involving the Dutch East Indies was the Dutch flag. Soeratin then cancelled the agreement with NIVU at the PSSI congress in 1939 in Solo.